APA Referencing Guide

Example (book):

Talley, N. J., & O’Connor, S. (2010). Examination medicine (6th ed.). Churchill Livingstone.

See this reference list entry as a citation.

Example three authors (book):

Camfield, D., McIntyre, E., & Sarris, J. (2017). Evidence-based herbal and nutritional treatments for anxiety in psychiatric disorders. Springer International Publishing.

Example twenty authors (book):

Chitts, M., Parker, A., Leach, M., Lewis, B., McCarthy, O., Gow, S., Bell, G., Starks, P., Oakden, N., Jones, P., Jones, L., Kirk, J. T., Picard, J.-L., Sisko, B., Janeway, K., Archer, J., Riker, W. C., Tucker, C., Dax, J., & Scott, M. (2018). Librarians, puppies and Star Trek: The inter-relationships of information professionals. Endeavour College of Natural Health.

See this reference list entry as a citation.

[Note: Include the first 19 names, … final author’s name]

Example (journal article):

Taheri, S., Chagoury, O., Zaghloul, H., Elhadad, S., Ahmed, S. H., Omar, O., Payra, S., Ahmed, S., El Khatib, N., Amona, R. A., El Nahas, K., Bolton, M., Chaar, H., Suleiman, N., Jayyousi, A., Zirie, M., Janahi, I., Elhag, W., Alnaama, A., … Abou-Samra, A. B. (2018). Diabetes Intervention Accentuating Diet and Enhancing Metabolism (DIADEM-I): A randomised controlled trial to examine the impact of an intensive lifestyle intervention consisting of a low-energy diet and physical activity on body weight and metabolism in early type 2 diabetes mellitus: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 19(1), Article 284. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-2660-1

See this reference list entry as a citation.

Example without abbreviation in-text (webpage):

eatforhealth.gov.au. (n.d.). Dietary energy. Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand. https://www.nrv.gov.au/dietary-energy

Example with abbreviation in-text (database):

Therapeutic Research Center. (2021, April 11). Red clover. NatMed.

See this reference list entry as a citation.

Example with italics (books):

Chinese herbal medicine: Materia Medica. (2004). (D. Bensky, S. Clavey & E. Stoger, Trans.; 3rd ed.). Eastland Printing.

Example without italics (journal article):

"Working from home: Does the home office impact employee's productivity?" (2022). Economy and Well-being, 12(4), 223-239. https://doi.org/

See this reference list entry as a citation.

For variations of missing elements please see page 17 of the referencing guide.

Example (webpage):

Jones, P. (n.d.). How to get A+ on every single assignment. Librarians Online. http://www.youhavetoworkhard.com

See this reference list entry as a citation.

For variations of missing elements please see page 17 of the referencing guide.

When you are building a reference that includes a scientific name (aka taxonomy; such as a botanical name including genus, species or varities, or a bacterium such as a probiotic strain) you are required to always use italics both in-text and in the reference list. However, when the scientific name is in an italicised title element you will need to remove the italics in order to retain emphasis (ie. reverse italics).

Example (database):

Illuminate Natural Medicine. (n.d.). Lactobacillus plantarum 299v. Probiotic Advisor.

For examples of when to use italics please see APA Style (2022l).

In some instances it is required by APA (2020a) to use abbreviations in the reference list. Below you can find examples of how these need to be formatted.

All other instances of abbreviations are not allowed in APA 7th edition. You must provide the full name and title of your source whenever it is available.