APA Referencing Guide

Born digital articles are becoming the most popular way to publish new research. This means that often you will come across an article without page numbers. Instead of a page range publishers will include a unique article number (different from a DOI). In your reference list entry you can provide this number in place of a page range.

Reference list entry:

Shakour, Z., Shehab, N., Gomaa, A., Wessjohann, L., & Farag, M. (2022). Metabolic and biotransformation effects on dietary glucosinolates, their bioavailability, catabolism and biological effects in different organisms. Biotechnology Advances, 54, Article 107784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107784

Narrative citation:

Shakour et al. (2022)

Parenthetical citation:

(Shakour et al., 2022).

If no DOI is available for a journal article, don’t include a URL if the link is from the College’s subscribed databases (requiring a log-in), like EBSCO and ProQuest. 

Only include a URL if a journal article does not have a DOI and was not provided by the College’s subscribed database (does not require a log-in to access), like PubMed.

Reference list example (subscribed database):

Carlisle, D. (2012). In the line of fire. Nursing Standard, 26(39), 18-19.

Narrative citation:

Carlisle (2012)

Parenthetical citation:

(Carlisle, 2012).

Reference list example (not from subscribed database):

Krysiak, R., Marek, B., & Okopień, B. (2008). Subclinical hypothyroidism. Wiadomosci Lekarskie, 61(4-6), 139-45. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18939365/

Narrative citation:

Krysiak et al. (2008)

Parenthetical citation:

(Krysiak et al., 2008).

When you are building a reference that includes a scientific name (aka taxonomy; such as a botanical name including genus, species or varities, or a bacterium such as a probiotic strain) you are required to always use italics both in-text and in the reference list. 

Reference list entry:

Moroi, M., Uchi, S., Nakamura, K., Sato, S., Shimizu, N., Fujii, M., Kumagai, T., Saito, M., Uchiyama, K., Watanabe, T., Yamaguchi, H., Yamamoto, T., Takeuchi, S., & Furue, M. (2010). Beneficial effect of a diet containing heat-killed lactobacillus paracasei K71 on adult type atopic dermatitis. The Journal of Dermatology, 38(2), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.00939.x

Narrative citation:

Moroi et al. (2010)

Parenthetical citation:

(Moroi et al., 2010).